Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Dictionary

Terms commonly used in the world of blockchain and cryptocurrency

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PoS

Proof-of-stake (PoS) protocols are a class of consensus mechanisms for blockchains that work by selecting validators in proportion to their quantity of holdings in the associated cryptocurrency. This is done to avoid the computational cost of proof-of-work schemes. PoS blockchains include Ethereum, Polkadot, Avalanche, and Cardano

Other Important Terms

Fork

Fork – splitting the blockchain into two branches. There are two types of fork: Soft Fork – a change to the protocol where only previously valid blocks or transactions are made invalid. Since old nodes will recognize the new blocks as valid, a soft fork is backward-compatible. Requires a majority of the miners upgrading to enforce the new rules. Hard Fork – a radical change to the protocol that invalidates previously valid blocks or transactions. Sometimes, both the old and the new blockchain continue to coexist, separating into two different cryptocurrencies. Requires all the miners upgrading to enforce the new rules. For example, Bitcoin Cash was created by hard forking the Bitcoin protocol; both cryptocurrencies coexist now.

ATH

Short for All Time High. Refers to the highest price a cryptocurrency asset has ever had.

Atomic swap

Atomic swap - A smart contract technology that allows to exchange one cryptocurrency for another without using centralized intermediaries. The technology is being used by the DEXes.

FUD

FUD – short for Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt. Describes the act of sharing negative rumors about a certain cryptocurrency or the market in general, which can negatively affect their price. Usually the rumors are not based on any evidence.

Roadmap

Roadmap – a future plan of a cryptocurrency project with events and their respective deadlines. Usually published in marketing materials.

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